Electronics EveryWhere: 2009

Thursday, October 29, 2009

Install Windows XP Using USB Flash Drive

Removable flash memory sticks are pretty much one of the most handy little pieces of technology to come along in the last couple of years. They come in various shapes and their storage size can range from a measly 128 MB to a whopping 32 GB.

So I thought, with the speed of flash drives today, it could be possible to install Windows XP onto those PCs in a much faster time than with optical media (CD/DVD). Plus with all the motherboards I use, I always make sure that the motherboards support booting from USB as it’s a very handy feature.

Requirements:

A copy of Windows XP Home or XP Professional.
USB memory stick (2 GB recommended - 1 GB minimum)
A motherboard that is capable of booting from a USB drive (check your motherboard manual if not sure). Most computers have this option.

Steps :

(1) Download this zip file from any of the link below :

Link 1

(2) Extract it and open the folder : USB_MultiBoot_10
(3) Open the file : USB_MultiBoot_10.cmd

(4) Press any key to display next menu
(5) Choose the second option i.e. "H" by entering H and pressing enter. Don't close this window.

(6) A window will open. Choose File System as "NTFS" and uncheck other options. Click Start.

Note : This will completely erase all data. Backup data if necessary

(7) When the process completes, click Close. Go back to the command prompt window. We using Pen Drive as the source so we will not change the first option. Now we will give the path of Windows XP Source i.e. Windows CD Path.

NOTE : If you have the image of Windows XP, mount it on a virtual drive.

Enter "1" and press enter. In the window, select the drive having Windows XP setup. Click OK.

(8) In the dialogue box, click "Yes".

(9) Enter the Owner Full Name, Organization Name, Product Key, and other information as asked by the process. If you are unsure of any field, enter anything or use default value. In the final dialogue box, press OK.

(10) Go back to command prompt. Now select the option to choose USB Drive path by entering "2" and pressing enter.

(11) Choose the USB Drive in the windows and press enter.

(12) Go back to command prompt. Now select the option to start the process of making bootable USB Windows XP Drive by entering "3" and pressing enter.

(13) Standby as the process completes. If any dialogue pops up, press "Yes".

(14) After the process completes, your USB drive is ready to be used for installing Windows XP.

(15) Now, insert your USB Flash Drive/Flash Disk/Thumb Drive to your system. Go to BIOS and make USB HDD (or USB ZIP in some other machine) as primary boot device. For more information on how to boot from bootable USB :http://www.techquark.com/2009/06/boot-your-computer-from-bootable-usb.html

(16) Boot from the USB.

(17) Providing it boots from the USB flash drive, you will now be shown two options. One with the words GUI and one with the words Text Mode. Choose the Text Mode option first.

(18) Now you will see what you normally would see during a CD install of XP. Just follow the on-screen instructions as always. One note is that, if you need to create a new partition for your new Windows XP installation, once the partition is fully formatted, instantly turn off the PC as the install will need to be restarted so the flash drive can recognize the layout of your partitions correctly. Follow the instructions below:

Create a new partition and format it as normal
Once the partition is formatted, restart your PC and when the options come up again choose Text Mode
Highlight the newly formatted partition, press enter, move down to make no changes, and press enter

(19) Okay, now after that all goes through and the PC restarts, simply chose the GUI option on the menu and let the Windows XP install go along as it would normally do. I must advise that you DO NOT REMOVE the USB stick until you’re actually past the setup stage. Once you have just booted into Windows XP for the first time, you can go ahead and remove the USB stick.

(20) Congratulations! You have just installed Windows XP without the need for a CD/DVD drive.

Saturday, September 19, 2009

PIC16F84A Clock

Description:

This is a simple clock that uses PIC16F84A ucontroller,4050 CMOS, seven segment (common anode), and few other components.

Short the same pins of 7-segment (a with a, b with b and so on) and connect them with appropriate 4050 pin. Also make sure to invert D3 & D4 like this:

7-Segment CA pin out:

Schematic:

click on image to zoom

Top:

Bottom:

Components:

IC3 PIC61F84A
IC1 & IC2 Cmos 4050
Resistors, R1 - R3 10K ohm 0.25W
S1 - S2, Push Switches
Ceramic Capacitors,C1-C2 30pF
Q1 4 MHz Crystal
D1-D4 seven segment CA

Friday, September 11, 2009

Dual Power Supply

Description:

This schematics is of dual power supply, having voltage output 3,5,6,9,12,15 and -3,-5,-6,-9,-12,-15. LM 317 is adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator and LM 337 is adjustable 3-terminal negative voltage regulator.

Switch S1 is for +ve and S2 is for -ve voltage respectively.

Schematic:

click on image to zoom

Pin out:

Components:

All diodes are 1N4007

R1, R3 270 ohm

R2 1K2 ohm

R4, R10 390 ohm

R5, R11 820 ohm

R6, R12 1K ohm

R7, R13 1K65 ohm

R8, R14 2K35 ohm

R9, R15 3K ohm

LM317T

LM337T

C5, C8 2200uF 25v electrolyte

C6, C7, C9, C10 22uF 25v electrolyte

C1-C4 0.1uF Ceramic

F1 0.5A fuse

S Switch

S1, S2 6-way rotary switch

T1 Center taped transformer 15-0-15v 220v

Red LED

Friday, September 4, 2009

Parallel Port Interfacing

A parallel port is a type of socket found on personal computers for interfacing with various peripherals. It is also known as a printer port.

PC parallel port is 25 pin, D-shaped female connector in the back of the computer. Not all 25 are needed always. Usually you can easily do with only 8 output pins (data lines) and signal ground.

The original IBM-PC’s parallel port had a total of 12 digital outputs and 5 digital inputs accessed via 3 consecutive 8-bit ports in the processor’s I/O space.

Pin out:

Pin description:

You can not directly access the parallel port in windows xp, vista etc due to the security purpose. To access the port do the following:

1. first go to the BIOS setting.

2. then select advanced option.

3. under this option select peripheral configuration

4. then change the setting of parallel port as

a. enable

b. bi-diractional

c. IRQ-7

After doing these steps download the user port and follow the instructions. A window will open, when you will run userport.exe, asking the range.

To find this:

right click on my computer icon
select manage
from device manager select ports(com &LPT)
double click on printer port
a window will open, choose the resources tab you will find

Fill this range in both the spaces and then click on add button. Then click on start button three times, a message will appear just click ok.

Now your port is ready for interfacing.

Tutorial one:

LED Chaser:

Connect 8 LEDs to the data port of the parallel port as shown in the figure.

Connect ground to pin # 25.
Copy and paste the assembly program link it (in MASM) & create .exe file.
This program is basically LED chaser in which LEDs blink from left to right when you press ‘r’ and from right to left when you press ‘l’. to off these LEDs just press ‘ 0’ and ‘Esc’ button to exit.

Assembly code:

Dosseg

.model small

.stack 100h

.data

msg db 13,10,'Press r for right movement',13,10,'Press l for left movement',13,10, 'Press 0 to Off',13,10, 'Press Esc to exit','$'

.code

main proc

mov ax,@data

mov ds,ax

mov ah,09h

lea dx,msg

int 21h

set: mov al, 0ffh

mov dx, 378h

out dx,al

call delay

mov al,00h

out dx,al

call delay

mov al,10000000b

lop1:

push ax

push dx

mov ah,06h

mov dl,0ffh

int 21h

cmp al,27

je exit

cmp al,'0'

je off

cmp al,'r'

je loop2

pop dx

pop ax

ror al,1

out dx,al

call delay

jmp lop1

loop2:

mov dx,378h

mov al,01h

strt: out dx,al

call delay

rol al,1

push ax

push dx

mov ah,06h

mov dl,0ffh

int 21h

cmp al,27

je exit

cmp al,'0'

je off

cmp al,'l'

je set

pop dx

pop ax

jmp strt

off: mov al, 0h

mov dx, 378h

out dx, al

exit: mov ax, 4c00h

int 21h

main endp

delay proc

push ax

push dx

mov bx,00h

mov ah,2ch ;To Get System Time

int 21h

mov bh,dl ;Copy seconds into bh reg

getsec: mov ah,2ch

int 21h

cmp bh,dl

jne back ;Jump to back when get 1 sec.

jmp getsec

back: pop dx

pop ax

ret

delay endp

end main

Tutorial two:

Seven Segment Common Cathode Counter:

Common Cathode means all –ve terminals of LEDs are grounded & 1 for on, 0 for off.

Connect 8 LEDs to the data port of the parallel port as shown in the figure.

1^st construct the table for 7-segment

Digits	Hex
0	3f
1	06
2	5b
3	4f
4	66
5	6d
6	7d
7	07
8	7f
9	6f

This is basically 7-segment counter & timer in which you can set/reset, and pause it.

If any one interested in this, he can ask me about the assembly code of this project.

Enjoy playing with parallel port.

Monday, August 24, 2009

Multi PIC & EEPROM Programmer

Description:

This JDM programmer can support PIC12, 16, & 18 family ucontrollers and some 24c EEPROMS. It also provides in circuit serial programming, ICSP.

Schematic:

click on image to zoom

Components:

T1- T2, BC337 Transistor
D1, D4, D5, D6 , 1N4148 Diode
D3 , 6V2 Zener Diode
D2 , 5V1 Zener Diode
R3- R4, 1K8 1/4W Resistor
R1 , 10K 1/4W Resistor
R2 , 1K5 1/4W Resistor
X1 , DB9 PCB Mount Female Connector
C1, C2 , 100uF 16V Electrolytic Capacitor
SV1 and SV4, 40 Pin Machine Tooled IC Socket
SV2, SV3, 20 Pin Machine Tooled IC Socket
SV5 (ICSP); 6 Pin Header Connector9
L1, L2, L3, LED (L1: GREEN, L2: RED, L3: YELLOW)

Read More

Pages

Thursday, October 29, 2009

Install Windows XP Using USB Flash Drive

Saturday, September 19, 2009

PIC16F84A Clock

Friday, September 11, 2009

Dual Power Supply

Friday, September 4, 2009

Parallel Port Interfacing

Monday, August 24, 2009

Multi PIC & EEPROM Programmer